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1. ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA WAS ASSASSINATED BY FULL
2. ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA WAS ASSASSINATED BY SERIES

While Russia’s military leadership knew they were not yet strong enough for a general war, they believed that the Austrian grievance against Serbia was a pretext orchestrated by Germany, and that Russia should intervene in any Austro–Serbian war. Just before Serbia replied to the ultimatum, Russia ordered a secret, but noticed, partial mobilization of its armed forces.

ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA WAS ASSASSINATED BY FULL

However, rather than launching a quick attack with available military forces, Austrian leaders deliberated into mid-July before deciding that Austria would give Serbia a harsh ultimatum on 23 July, and would not attack without a full mobilization of the Austro-Hungarian Army (which could not be accomplished before 25 July 1914).

Germany guaranteed its support through what came to be known as the " blank cheque," but urged Austria to attack quickly, while world sympathy for Ferdinand was high, to localize the war and to avoid drawing in Russia. However, Vienna, wary of the reaction of the Russian Empire (a major supporter of Serbia), sought a guarantee from its ally Germany that Berlin would support Austria in any conflict. Following the assassination, Austria sought to inflict a military blow on Serbia to demonstrate its own strength and to dampen Serbian support for Yugoslav nationalism. A complex web of alliances, coupled with the miscalculations of numerous political and military leaders (who either regarded war as in their best interests, or felt that a general war would not occur), resulted in an outbreak of hostilities amongst most of the major European nations by early August 1914.Īustria-Hungary viewed the irredentist movements of South Slavs, as promoted by Serbia, as a threat to the unity of its multi-national empire. The crisis began on 28 June 1914, when Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb nationalist, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg.

ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA WAS ASSASSINATED BY SERIES

The July Crisis was a series of interrelated diplomatic and military escalations among the major powers of Europe in the summer of 1914, which led to the outbreak of World War I. To the right, another combatant threatens to join from the darkness, possibly Japan or Bulgaria. (5) A general brawl erupts with Germany and France immediately confronting each other, as Britain looks on in dismay. (4) Austria manhandles Serbia, while an alarmed Germany looks to an angry Russia and presumably makes an agreement with Turkey, and France tries to talk to Britain.

(3) Austria demands satisfaction from Serbia, while a relaxed Germany with hands in its pockets does not notice Russia and France come to agreement in the background.

Germany immediately offers support to Austria. (2) Serbia stabs Austria-Hungary, to everyone's apparent shock. (1st panel) The Central Powers hold their noses in distaste as tiny Serbia joins the table, while Russia reacts with immaculate joy. Political cartoon titled " Der Stänker" ("The Troublemaker"), published in the German satirical magazine Kladderadatsch on 9 August 1914, depicting the nations of Europe sitting at a table. For the armed demonstrations against the Russian Provisional Government in July 1917, see July Days.